The Two Faces of Open Innovation: Network Externalities and Learning

According to Ozman 2008 in his paper” he differentiates between two types of benefits of open innovation. Network externalities effect happens when open innovation increases the participation of one group of users which increases the value of adoption for another group of users. Learning effect happens when economic actors increase their knowledge through access to external sources of knowledge”.

http://cemantic.it-sudparis.eu/pdf/ozman-open-innovation-and-network-externalities.pdf